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Antique peoples used brass to produce this type of instruments and that is why the notion “brass” came and is still used today. Copper and silver are widely used in making of these instruments nowadays. But centuries ago people who didn't know how to produce it from metal used timber for the instruments of the same way of sound production. French horn, tuba, trumpet, cornet, trombone and flugelhorn are contained to the contemporary family of brass instruments.
Ancient people knew a technique of playing horns and shells from the very first steps of civilization. Later on people decided to do special instruments of metal that were similar to bugles. Those musical instruments had various purposes. Often they were used in martial, hunting and religious purposes.
Today's brass instruments derived from hunting horns, military horns and postal pipes. Valve mechanism wasn't created at that time and those instruments could produce only natural scale. A musician changed the timber of sound only with the help of his lips. Fanfares and other military and hunting sounds appeared actually at those times. People began to use these sounds in musical practice because of their natural scale.
With the developing of metal working process and the production instruments of metal it became possible to make tubes of different sizes and finishing. The notion “natural instruments” appeared with the development of brass instruments producing and the improvement of various natural scales. Natural scale was the basic scale of those instruments because at those centuries people didn't know valve gear yet. Different brotherhoods of trumpeters appeared at that time. There were two kinds of them: marching trumpeters and chamber trumpeters that played difficult parts in hard high register.
People made valve gear only at the beginning of the XIX century. The technique of performing was changed owing to this invention and the ability of scales was heightened. An extra crown was placed in the basic tube, it increased the dimension of a musical instrument and lowered its pitch.
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